Materials used regularly is fire line thread on various size needles. Beads used range in various sizes 11, 13, and 15. Name of beads used are Charolette, Pearl, Luster, Seed, and Miyuki. The type of hide used is brain tanned deer. Other types of materials used is tin cones, freshwater pearls, metal spots, buffalo hide strips for hat band ties, and hand cut raw hide for feathers. Hats used are 100% wool and other high-quality hats. Each piece created is with a subject in mind. A design is drawn on pellon. A one needle method is used to create the piece. Type of beadwork is flat and raised Iroquois style. Once bead work is complete, it is mounted onto brain tanned deer hide. I then bead the edges creating a finished look. The completed beaded piece is mounted onto the hat and secured with leather ties.